1. The Use and Misuse of Cosmetic Surgery
By Belinda and Kelsie

2. Have you ever thought about getting cosmetic surgery of any kind?
Let’s see if this changes your mind...

3. What is cosmetic surgery?
Corrective, restoration, enhancement
Cosmetic surgery vs. Reconstructive surgery
Aesthetic gain vs. functional ability
“surgery” can include lasers and veneers, not necessarily surgical procedures

4. Types of surgery Lifts- face, neck, thigh, arm, eye
Rhinoplasty ( nose job)
Breast augmentation, reduction, reconstruction
Liposuction
Skin grafts
Botox
Laser- tattoo removal, hair removal, skin rejuvenation
Otoplasty/microtia – ear reconstruction
Permanent makeup

5. Cosmetic misuses Impossible ideal of beauty
Conform to society’s view of “normal”
Reduce ethnic differences – nose, eyes, facial contouring
Body dysmorphic disorder
Surgical addiction

6. Ethnic plastic surgery “Imperialism of a culture to the detriment of another”
Ethnic Asian face contouring
Ethnic rhinoplasty
Double eye lid surgery

7. Celebrity Cosmetic Abuse
Michael Jackson
Pete Burns
Donatella Versace
Lizardman
Jocelyn Wildenstein
Michaela Romanini

8. Reconstructive uses Sophie Delizio – positive, functional outcomes
Improve disfigurements – cleft palate
Breast cancer – breast reconstruction
- femininity
Blepharoplasty (drooping eye lids) – eye sight
Trauma and emergency corrective surgery

9. Reconstructive uses Sophie Delezio (burn victim) Blepharoplasty
Cleft palate
Breast reconstruction after a mastectomy

10. Borderline usage Seeking youthful appearance Increase job prospects
Reflects society’s value system

11. Ethical guidelines for a surgeon
Academic qualifications
Training and experience
Australian Society of Plastic Surgeons
Patient consent versus ethical responsibility
“”do no harm” vs patient request
- number of surgeries
- age of patient
- risk factors
- mental and emotional state of patient
Full disclosure of procedure information

12. Ethical considerations as a patient
Recovery time
Financial burdens
Immediate health risks – infection
- nerve damage
- bleeding, bruising
Long term health implications
Botched surgery/disfiguration – reconstructive surgery
Unrealistic expectations – depression
- addiction
-psychological trauma
When to STOP
Implant deformity

13. How young is too young? Elective surgery No age limitations
Parental agreement/consent
Limited ability to evaluate risks
Further physical and emotional
growth and development
Inability to make mature,
informed decision

14. Motivations behind surgery
Social and media pressures – idealisation
- commercial consumerism
- conformity
- peer pressure
- racial differences
Self esteem and self image
Consumer demands/consumer driven
Affordability
Medical reasons – accident
- injury
Work/ career opportunities

15. Easy access = trivial decision
Online purchasing – Do it yourself
‘Botox’ parties
Financing availability
‘back alley’ surgery – unqualified
- any medical degree
Overseas surgery – cheaper
- recovery time

16. Is anyone still considering getting cosmetic surgery of any kind done?

17. References:
Australian Society for Plastic Surgeons. (2011). Retrieved 2011, from Australian Society for Plastic Surgeons:
De Sousa. (2007). Concerns about cosmetic Surgery. Retrieved 2011, from Indian Journal of Medical Ethics:
Dittmann. (2005). Plastic Surgery: Beauty or beast? Retrieved 2011, from American Psychological Association:
Izenberg, & Dowshen. (2009). Plastic Surgery. Retrieved 2011, from Kids Health.org:
Mantese, Pfeiffer, & McClinton. (2011). Cosmetic Surgery and Informed Consent: Legal and Ethical Considerations. Retrieved 2011, from
Ray. (2011). Plastic Surgery - A Misused Technology Indicatin a deep social malfunction. Retrieved 2011, from
Zuckerman, & Abraham. (2008). Teenagers and Cosmetic Surgery: Focus on Breast Augmentation and Liposuction. Journal of Adolescent Health.

18. Image References:
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