1. Best performer in most demanding conditions
SHELL THERMIA B
Best performer in most demanding conditions

2. Thermic Fluid - Application
Primary function of a thermic fluid is to transfer heat, from heat Source to the utilities
Best performer in most demanding conditions

3. SYSTEMS FOR PROCESS HEATING
OPEN LOOP
CLOSED LOOP
Best performer in most demanding conditions

4. THERMIC FLUID - ADVANTAGES
INDIRECT HEATING MEDIUM
FLEXIBILITY OF PRECISE CONTROL
HIGH PRESSURE LINES NOT REQD.
WIDE APPLICATION
Best performer in most demanding conditions

5. Best performer in most demanding conditions
PROCESS
EXPANSION
HEATER
CIRCULATION
Best performer in most demanding conditions

6. Best performer in most demanding conditions
BURNER ROD
OUTER SHELL TOP COVER
INNER SHELL TOP COVER
OUTLET HEADER
INLET HEADER
OUTER JACKET
INNER JACKET
BLOWER
FLUE GAS
OUTLET
Best performer in most demanding conditions

7. DEAERATOR CUM EXPANSION TANK
BUFFER
INSULATION
Best performer in most demanding conditions

8. Best performer in most demanding conditionsTb Tf Ts
HEAT
SOURCE
Tf - (FLUID) FILM TEMPERATURE
Tb - (FLUID) BULK TEMPERATURE
Ts - (TUBE METAL) SKIN TEMPERATURE
Best performer in most demanding conditions

9. Fluid Flow & Heat Transfer Coefficients
On Heat Transfer effect of
Fluid velocity
Surface texture
is very important
At slow speeds over smooth surface,flow is usually laminar.
Best performer in most demanding conditions

10. Fluid Flow & Heat Transfer Coefficients
At Higher speeds with rougher surfaces, condition of turbulent flow will arise.
To achieve maximum rates of Heat Transfer it is important to encourage Turbulent flow irrespective of whether the fluid is absorbing or discharging the heat.
Best performer in most demanding conditions

11. Flow characteristics and Velocity/ Temperature GradientsZ C B Y
ABC is Temperature Gradient
XYZ is Velocity Gradient X A
Best performer in most demanding conditions

12. THERMIC FLUID SELECTION CRITERIA
1. Operating experience
2. Operating Hazards :
Toxicity, explosiveness & flammability.
3. Handling problems
4. Availability and cost
Best performer in most demanding conditions

13. THERMIC FLUID SELECTION CRITERIA
5. Bulk / Film temperatures.
6. Thermal properties :
Specific heat, conductivity, Heat transfer coefficient
7. Degradation rate.
8. Pumping properties
Best performer in most demanding conditions

14. Requirements from a thermic fluid
Low solidification temperature.
Good thermal stability.
Low viscosity over the whole temp. range (also in the start-up condition).
Good heat transfer properties.
High specific evaporation enthalpy (when used as vapours).
Best performer in most demanding conditions

15. Requirements from a thermic fluid
Low corrosion tendency for the materials of the apparatus
Non toxic and non - smelly.
Low sensitivity to impurities (e.g.. oxygen).
Low fire risk.
Low risk to the environment on leakage.
Possibility of easy destruction (passing used material into the natural circulation circuit).
Economy of operation
Best performer in most demanding conditions

16. Heat Transfer Fluid Requirements
Good Thermal Stability
High Heat Transfer Coefficients
Low Vapor Pressure at Operating Temperatures
Low Viscosity to ease the Propagation of Turbulent Flow
Non Corrosive to metals
Non toxic
Best performer in most demanding conditions

17. Best performer in most demanding conditions
Chemical Composition
Mineral oils are mixture of hydrocarbons
Alkanes: Have carbon atoms arranged in straight or branched chains.
Cycloalkanes: Contain some rings of carbon atoms.
Aromatics:Contains rings of carbon atoms but a lower proportion of hydrogen than cycloalkanes.
Best performer in most demanding conditions

18. Best performer in most demanding conditions
Chemical Composition
In addition, mineral oils may also contain small quantities of hetero atom compounds (sometimes known as asphaltenes) - organic compounds which contain elements like oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur.
Best performer in most demanding conditions

19. Best performer in most demanding conditions
Chemical Composition
Viscosity
Index
Oxidation
Stability
Solvency
Boundary
Lubrication
Alkanes
Highest
Most Resistant
Worst
Worst
Cycloalkanes
Aromatics
Asphaltenes
Lowest
Least Resistant
Best
Best
Best performer in most demanding conditions

20. Best performer in most demanding conditions
Base Oils and Fluid Performance
PUMPABILITY, LOW TEMP. PROPERTIES, ENERGY LOSSES, PUMP WEAR
VISCOSITY
OXIDATION
STABILITY
SURFACE
ACTIVITY
EMULSIFICATION, METAL CORROSION
DEPOSIT FORMATION, OIL THICKENING, ACIDITY BUILDUP, CORROSION OF METALS
SOLVENCY
VOLATILITY
OIL CONSUMPTION, THICKENING, DEPOSIT FORMATION, VAPOUR PRESSURE
SEAL COMPATIBILITY
Best performer in most demanding conditions

21. Best performer in most demanding conditions
Viscosity
Viscosity increases with oxidation.
Viscosity decreases with thermal cracking.
Viscosity affects turbulence of flow.
Viscosity at operating temperature is more important.
Best performer in most demanding conditions

22. Best performer in most demanding conditions
Flash Point
Lowering of flash point is indication of something wrong but not necessarily dangerous.
Method of sampling is very important.
Sustenance of flash point during operation is very important from safety view point.
Best performer in most demanding conditions

23. Best performer in most demanding conditions
Flash Point
COC (IP36/ASTM D 92) or IP 35
PMCC (IP 34/ ASTM D 93)
Difference between the two flash points will be typically 15 0 C
Repeatability difference: +/- 70 C
Reproducibility difference:+/- 160 C
Best performer in most demanding conditions

24. Best performer in most demanding conditions
Oxidation Stability
Effect of Oxygen (or Air) on oil properties
Various component of oil vary in oxidation resistance.
Modern refining removes components with low oxidation resistance
Higher the temperature higher will be rate of oxidation
Copper & its alloys are catalysts for oxidation
Best performer in most demanding conditions

25. Best performer in most demanding conditions
Oxidation Stability
Oxygen attacks hydrocarbons to form unstable peroxide derivatives.
Some unstable peroxides further react to form acidic products which are oil soluble.
Some form non soluble gum and sludge.
Acidity and insoluble matter is measure of oxidation of oil.
Best performer in most demanding conditions

26. Best performer in most demanding conditions
Oxidation Stability
Severe oxidation results in viscosity increase
Oxidation in Heat transfer system takes place mainly in DE tank
Pump may suck air causing oxidation
Recharging of leaked fluid is also a source of oxidation
Best performer in most demanding conditions

27. Best performer in most demanding conditions
Thermal Stability
Mineral oil is complex mixture of hydrocarbons varying in structure and molecular weight each with its own characteristic breakdown temperatures.
Cracking is rupture of a carbon-carbon or carbon-hydrogen bond.
Cracking reduces viscosity.
Cracking reduces flash point.
Best performer in most demanding conditions

28. Best performer in most demanding conditions
Thermal Stability
Lower weight molecular join to make heavy molecules which appear as deposits
Deposits lower heat transfer efficiency
Best performer in most demanding conditions

29. Best performer in most demanding conditions
Other Properties
Vapour Pressure: It is function of volatility
Pour Point:Important for initial startup
Density : For designing thermic fluid system
Specific Heat
Corrosiveness
Fire Point
Best performer in most demanding conditions

30. Best performer in most demanding conditions
Specific Heat & Fire Point
Specific Heat varies from 0.45 at 30oC to 0.70 at 300oC. Unit : Kcal/Kg
FLASH POINT
of fresh oil =
200 to 235oC
FIRE POINT =
Flash Point + 30oC
Best performer in most demanding conditions

31. Best performer in most demanding conditions
Boiling Point
Temperature at which change of phase takes place.
330o to 371oC
Boiling point can vary from 330o to 371oC
Best performer in most demanding conditions

32. Thermic Fluid degradation
Particulate fouling :
Deposition of suspended matter
Reaction fouling :
Cracking, coking, polymerisation
Solubility fouling :
Deposition of Dissolved solids
Best performer in most demanding conditions

33. Best performer in most demanding conditions
Process
Material
Corrosion Products
Lubricants
Sludge
Water
Cu + Cu Alloys
CONTAMINATION
Degraded
Thermic
Fluid
Thermic
Fluid
Mixing different
brands of Thermic Fluids
Best performer in most demanding conditions

34. Thermic fluid degredation process
LOWER
VISCOSITY +
LIGHTER
HYDRO
CARBONS
LOWER FLASH
POINT
OXIDATION +
CRACKING
CONTAMINATION
FORMATION OF
DEPOSITS
Best performer in most demanding conditions

35. Thermic fluid degradation
Oxidation
Temp > 100oC + O2
> O2
> Temp
Cracking
C-C-C C-H-CH
Carbonaceous
Residue
Accelerates
Degradation c c c c c c c c c c
Temp c
Best performer in most demanding conditions

36. THERMIC FLUID DEGRADATION MAJOR FACTORS
Oxidation - Exposure to air
Coking - High film temperature
Formation of low boilers
Thermal cracking
Dehydrogenation - gas formation
Reaction with foreign matter
Best performer in most demanding conditions

37. MERGER OF STRENGTHS BHARAT SHELL LTD.
SHELL IS WORLD LEADER IN PETROLEUM SECTOR
LONG EXPERIENCE AND INDEPTH UNDERSTANDING OF THERMIC FLUIDS
COUNTRY WIDE NETWORK
LONG TERM PLANS IN INDIA
Best performer in most demanding conditions

38. MERGER OF STRENGTHS THERMAX LTD.
PIONEERS IN THE FIELD THERMIC FLUID HEATING TECHNOLOGY
SUBSTANTIAL MARKET SHARE IN THERMIC FLUID HEATERS
EXPERIENCE IN VARIETY OF HEATING MEDIA AND FUELS
WIDE SALES & SERVICE NETWORK
Best performer in most demanding conditions

39. BENEFITS OF TIEUP TO CUSTOMERS
JOINT GUARANTEE FROM OEM & OIL SUPPLIER-- PEACE OF MIND
MOST COMPATIBLE PRODUCTS-- BEST PERFORMANCE
INTEGRATED PACKAGE OF PRODUCTS AND SERVICES-- CONVENIENCE
Best performer in most demanding conditions

40. SOME OPERATING CHALLENGES
UNCONTROLLED MIXING
INERT GAS BLANKETING NOT THERE
DE TANK TEMPERATURE IS HIGH
OPERATING TEMPERATURE VARIES BY 10 TO 20 DEG C.
LACK OF PERIODIC OIL ANALYSIS PROGRAMME
ABSOLETE CRITERIA FOR DISCARDING OIL
PILFERAGE/ MIXING
POOR RECORDING PRACTICES
Best performer in most demanding conditions

41. SOME OPERATING CHALLENGES
SPURIOUS PRODUCT TOPUP
POOR OPERATING KNOWLEDGE
REPORTING OF COMPLAINTS UNSTRUCTURED
COLLECTION & TRANSPORTATION OF SAMPLES VERY POOR
Best performer in most demanding conditions

42. HOW DOES SHELL THERMIA B TAKE CARE OF THESE OPERATING CHALLENGES
UNCONTROLLED MIXING
INERT GAS BLANKETING NOT THERE
DE TANK TEMPERATURES HIGH
OPERATING TEMPERATURE VARIATION BY 10 TO 20 DEG C
TEST BEFORE MIXING
INBUILT FACTOR OF SAFETY
HIGH ON ANTI
OXIDATION PROPERTY
Best performer in most demanding conditions

43. Best performer in most demanding conditions
HOW DOES SHELL THERMIA B TAKE CARE OF THESE OPERATING CHALLENGES………CONTD.
LACK OF PERIODIC OIL ANALYSIS PROGRAMME
ABSOLUTE DISCARD CRITERIA
PILFERAGE/ MIXING
POOR RECORDING PRACTICES
SHELL CARE
ON TRENDS GIVEN BY SHELL CARE.
DEDICATED TRANSPORT VEHICLES
SHELL CARE OCM CUSTOMER EDUCATION
Best performer in most demanding conditions

44. Best performer in most demanding conditions
HOW DOES SHELL THERMIA B TAKE CARE OF THESE OPERATING CHALLENGES………..CONTD.
SPURIOUS PRODUCT TOPUP
POOR OPERATING KNOWLEDGE
REPORTING OF COMPLAINTS UNSTRUCTURED
COLLECTION & TRANSPORTATION OF SAMPLES VERY POOR
SHELL CARE MONITORING
CUSTOMER TRAINING
COMPLAINT HANDLING SYSTEM
SHELL CARE KIT
Best performer in most demanding conditions

45. Best performer in most demanding conditions

46. Best performer in most demanding conditions
SERVICES
INBUILT CONDITION MONITORING PROGRAM (Shell CARE)
APPLICATION ADVICE
WIDE SALES & SERVICE NETWORK
CUSTOMER EDUCATION & TRAINING
COMPLAINT HANDLING
Best performer in most demanding conditions

47. COST SAVINGS. CONVENIENCE
SHELL THERMIA
CUSTOMER BENEFITS
COST SAVINGS. CONVENIENCE
PEACE OF MIND
Best performer in most demanding conditions

48. Best performer in most demanding conditions
CUSTOMER BENEFITS
COST SAVINGS
REDUCED FLUID CONSUMPTION
LONG OIL LIFE
LOW WASTE OIL DISPOSAL COSTS
LOW PRODUCTION LOSSES
AVOIDANCE OF USE OF COSTLY SYNTHETIC PRODUCTS
Best performer in most demanding conditions

49. Best performer in most demanding conditions
CUSTOMER BENEFITS
CONVENIENCE
WIDE SALES & SERVICE NETWORK
SINGLE POINT OF RESPONSIBILITY
Best performer in most demanding conditions

50. Best performer in most demanding conditions
NATIONWIDE NETWORK L O B P, T A J C
& F, D E P O T S
40 C&F, LOCATIONS
90 THERMAX
DEALERS
ALL INDIA THERMAX & BSL SALES FORCE
110,000 mt p.a LOBP
Best performer in most demanding conditions

51. Best performer in most demanding conditions
CUSTOMER BENEFITS
PEACE OF MIND
MAJOR OEM APPROVAL
INBUILT CONDITION MONITORING PROGRAM
SHELL R&D AND BACKUP
SAFE TO USE
GUARANTEED BY SHELL & THERMAX JOINTLY
Best performer in most demanding conditions

52. “All Oils are not the same”
Shell Thermia B
“All Oils are not the same”
So what ? What is in it for me ?
All physical parameters may be the same but still an oil will be different.

53. Open Market Mix X Y Z B D A C Oils Oils YEN Base Oil Spot Market
Extraction Co. B D A C
Refining Co.
Oils
Oils
Crude oil Cos will sell to Refining Cos and they will sell base oils depending the supply demand variances in the open market. Pure Trading for the best price. Most lubricant companies today have a certain style of functioning. They buy their oils from a refinery that is not their own. They ship these oils using another companies’ pipelines or vessels and their trucks are not always tamperproof. With this change of hands they risk a loss of quality at each and every stage.
YEN
Base Oil Spot Market
SN 100, 150, 500, BS

54. Shell Base Oils Extraction Company Refining Company Blending Plant
.Exploration : All the way from Exploration to Delivery we have total control over every process that goes into making the purest Lubricant for the Customer.
.Refining :Since base oil is the major constituent in any lubricant and especially in thermic fluids, their quality is critical for high performance. Shell Companies have a stringent system of assessing and approving base oils and have over 20 approved refineries around the world to supply the base stocks for our Thermic Fluids. While there are over 70 refineries in the world from Shell.
.Base oils : Bharat Shell does not use rerefined oils as base stocks since they would fall short of our international quality standards..
Transportation : Shell Approved Sea vessels are used for importing base oils. The entire Vessels voyage history and performance are assessed by the Shell Shipping company. BSL follows detailed Testing procedures before accepting the cargo for discharge into our shore tanks. Top Middle and Bottom (TMB) sampling is done for each compartment of the vessel is done. No remnants of earlier unloading can contaminate the pipeline.
Shell Oils

55. Does Variability really matter ?
Trading of base oils is based on 3 parameters. This does not look at the inside story. You could get a product cheap because of Suppliers’ constraints like high inventory or financial pressure, or it may be and more likely so because it is a poor product.
The top slide shows the criteria that is considered in yellow and orange in the open spot market.
Paraffins have higher Pour point,compared to naphthenes but Paraffins show better oxidation and thermal stability and more preferred for Thermic fluids. But paraffins with lower pourpoints due to better refining are the best product.
S2( 0.02%) is important for TFs as it is a natural antioxidant. If the oil is hydrotreated, this % reduces. Hence now it is preferred to use Solvent Neutral refined Base oils.
N2 is higher in Naphthenes forms nitrous derivatives like Nitrous Oxides and forms deposits. Not preferred in TFs.
The % of Mono aromatics and Di -aromatics and Poly-aromatics in a base oil adverse to TF applications. The lower the better. Not preferred inTFs.
Straight chain Paraffin content is most preferred in TF base oils. Most stable to Oxidation & Thermal Cracking.

56. Does Variability really matter ?
Branched Paraffins and Flash point we have already Covered. Branched chains compared to straight chains are less stable to Heat. So we would prefer a source of base oil which would give a higher % of Straight chain in Paraffins
Free Acids in the base oil are also not preferred. Organo acids - all add up to the initial level of acidity which would accelerate rate of oxidation.
Total polar content - Basically the property which describes the oil’s ability to absorb additives. Its important for naphthenic oils( for refrigeration/ cutting oils - Not preferred in Thermic fluids, as they destabilise bonding.
Residual carbon should be very low, as they will coagulate with the carbon depositing in the system - Affects heat transfer efficiency and filtration.
Oxidation performance - Thermal oxidation stability test( TOST) : Higher is better as lesser topup.
Air release and demulsibility is a property important for turbine oils- To avoid cavitation. Not of importance in Thermic Fluids.

57. “Non variable Formulation”
Vertically Integrated Proposition
Exclusive non variable formulation
19 base oil parameters defined & controlled
Shell has direct control from The Exploration of crude oil to the blend of lubricants. Shell Products across the world are non variable. The quality of product manufactured in Bangladesh or the UK would be the same, as it would follow the same stringent norms laid down by Shell LQS ( lubricant quality standards).

58. Potential Problems Low Temperature Performance Engine Wear Fatigue
Corrosion
Oil Life
Deposit formation
Storage Stability
Seal Compatibility
Foaming, Emulsification & Air Release
Energy Loss
For Thermic fluid applications the ones marked in red are the main problems. The cost cannot be compared in Rupees per litre. But in number of mandays and production stoppages and fuel costs.

59. SHELL THERMIA B : Key characteristics
Bulk Temperature upto : 3200C
Film Temperature upto : 3400C
150C : 0.868
Flash point (COC) : 2100C
Kin 400C : 25 cSt
@ 1000C : 4.65 cSt
@ 3000C : 0.5 cSt
Pour Point : -90C
Thermal Expansion/0C :
Neutralization Number : 0.05 mg KOH/g
Best performer in most demanding conditions

60. Shell Thermia B
Oxidation stability and thermal stability are genetic to the base oil. We have already seen the difference in sourcing of base oils can make for these properties.
The oxidation stability
the Thermal stability
The physical parameters shown are something which translated directly in front of the customer. Like Higher fresh oil flash point : Lower top ups is the obvious indication. Longer life as the datum level is higher.
Variation of Viscosity with Temp. Graph : “Correct viscometrics promotes turbulent flow implying better heat transfer”-- Pumping costs lower - Energy savings !! Fuel savings !!!
5% Higher specific Heat ensures higher heat carrying capacity for same temp gradient. More heat transfer Better efficiency.
Thermal conductivity : 7% Faster heat transfer and thus lesser production times.
All this leads to one thing : we don’t talk to customer on price. We talk on production cost per ton. We cannot quantify this any more as this is different for each customer. Fuel costs,size of system, temperature required etc, But we can ask customer to roughly approximate benefits for his system.

61. Best performer in most demanding conditions
Shell CARE
Best performer in most demanding conditions

62. Shell Lube Analyst : ….What is it ?!
Oil condition monitoring program
Interpretation
Diagnosis
Remedial Action
Best performer in most demanding conditions

63. Shell Lube Analyst : ….Why ?!
Trend analysis
Uniform testing facilities
Only where the
oil is in contact
with parts
Monitors equipment condition
Best performer in most demanding conditions

64. Shell Lube Analyst : ….How?!
Sample courier infrastructure
Expert diagnoticians
Quick Reports (within max 72 hours)
Best performer in most demanding conditions

65. Shell Lube Analyst : ….How?!
Welcome Kit
Clearly defined & controlled process
World class testing facility
Best performer in most demanding conditions

66. Shell Lube analyst CARE limits for in-service heat transfer oil
Best performer in most demanding conditions

67. Shell Lube Analyst : ….for me ?!
All “Shell Thermia” customers
2 tests per year without any costs
One time registration fee: Rs /- only
Registrations
TSFs, TSRs
Direct
Best performer in most demanding conditions

68. Shell Lube Analyst - How does it operate ?!
Best performer in most demanding conditions

69. Benefits of Shell Lube Analyst
Feed back on oil condition
Minimize unscheduled shut downs
Optimization of oil life in the system
Increased equipment availability
Peace of Mind
LOW COST OF OPERATION - IT SAVES YOU MONEY

70. BENEFITS OF SHELL THERMIA B PROPOSITION
MOST RELIABLE PRODUCT FOR INDIAN WORKING CONDITIONS
Shell Lube Analyst
+ NO ADDITIONAL COST
+ DIAGNOSIS & REMEDY BY EXPERTS
+ WORLDCLASS OCM PROGRAMME
+ 72 HOURS TURN AROUND TIME
Best performer in most demanding conditions

71. Best performer in most demanding conditions
SERVICES
INBUILT CONDITION MONITORING PROGRAM (SHELL CARE)
APPLICATION ADVICE
LOGISTIC SUPPORT AVAILABLE ANYTIME BY SHELL STAFF
CUSTOMER EDUCATION & TRAINING
COMPLAINT HANDLING
Best performer in most demanding conditions

72. Product
Service
Total solution
Logistics