1. Kinetics & Equilibrium
Unit 13 Review
Kinetics
&
Equilibrium

2. 1. Energy that is available to do work is called ____.
A. Exothermic energy B. Endothermic energy C. Gibbs’ Free Energy D. Heat

3. D. Spontaneous Reaction
2. ____ is defined as the number of atoms, ions, or molecules that react in a given time to form products.
A. Reaction Rate
B. Concentration
C. Time
D. Spontaneous Reaction

4. A. Activated complex B. Activation energy C. Progress of reaction
3. What is the name of the minimum energy that colliding particles must have in order to react?
A. Activated complex
B. Activation energy
C. Progress of reaction
D. Gibb’s Free Energy

5. 4. What is the arrangement of atoms at the peak of an energy barrier?
A. Activated complex
B. Activation energy
C. Reactant
D. Product

6. D. Not enough information
5. At equilibrium, what is the rate of production of reactants compared with the rate of production of products?
A. Higher
B. Lower
C. The same
D. Not enough information

7. D. Not enough information
6. The rate of a chemical reaction normally ____ as reactant concentration increases.
A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Stays the same
D. Not enough information

8. 7. The amount of disorder in a system is measured by its ____.
A. Enthalpy
B. Entropy
C. Heat change
D. Gibbs’ Free Energy

9. A. Reactants are favored B. Products are favored
8. If a reaction has an equilibrium constant (Keq) just greater than 1, how do we interpret that information?
A. Reactants are favored
B. Products are favored
C. Both reactant and product are favored
D. Neither reactant or product are favored

10. A. Change in enthalpy B. Change in entropy C. Temperature in oC
9. Which variable is NOT required to calculate the Gibbs free-energy change for a chemical reaction?
A. Change in enthalpy
B. Change in entropy
C. Temperature in oC
D. Temperature in K

11. A. Concentration of H2CO3 decreases
10. What is the effect of adding more water to the following equilibrium reaction: CO2 + H2O ↔ H2CO3
A. Concentration of H2CO3 decreases
B. Concentration of H2CO3 increases
C. Concentration of CO2 increases
D. Concentration of H2O decreases

12. 11. In an endothermic reaction at equilibrium, what is the effect of raising the temperature?
A. Shift to the reactants B. Shift to the products C. No effect D. Not enough information

13. A. ∆G is positive B. ∆G is negative
12. What is the numerical value (+ or -) of Gibbs free-energy change for a spontaneous reaction?
A. ∆G is positive
B. ∆G is negative

14. 13. At what stage of a reaction do atoms have the highest energy?
A. As reactants
B. As products
C. At the transition stage (activated complex)
D. They don’t have energy

15. 14. Which of the following systems has the highest entropy:
A. 10 mL of HCl at 50 oC
B. 10 mL of HCl at 100 oC
C. 10 mL of HCl at 75 oC
D. 10 mL of HCl at 10 oC

16. 15. An elementary reaction converts reactants to products in ____.
A. A single step
B. In multiple steps

17. A. Concentration of NH3 increases B. Concentration of N2 increases
16. Consider the reaction: N2(g) + 3H2(g) ↔ 2NH3(g) What is the effect of decreasing the volume on the contained gases?
A. Concentration of NH3 increases
B. Concentration of N2 increases
Concentration of H2 decreases
D. Both A and C

18. 17. Spontaneous reactions always ____ free energy.
A. Release B. Absorb C. Contain D. All of the above

19. 18. What physical state of nitrogen has the highest entropy?
A. Solid
B. Liquid
C. Gas
D. All the same

20. 19. What is another name for the catalysts in your body?
A. Inhibitor
B. DNA
C. Enzyme
D. RNA

21. C. Both reactants and products D. Neither reactants or products
20. In an equilibrium reaction with a Keq of 1 x 108, the ____ are favored.
A. Reactants
B. Products
C. Both reactants and products
D. Neither reactants or products

22. 21. In which of these systems is the entropy decreasing:
A. Salt dissolving in water
B. A liquid cooling
C. Heating a liquid
D. Breaking apart a sugar cube

23. 22. In a two-step reaction mechanism, how many elementary reactions occur?
B. 1
C. 2
D. 3

24. C. Both reactants and products D. Neither reactants or products
23. The Keq of a reaction is 4 x At equilibrium, the ____ are favored.
A. reactants
B. products
C. Both reactants and products
D. Neither reactants or products

25. 24. Another name for the activated complex is ____.
A. Activation energy
B. reactant
C. product
D. Transition state

26. 25. A catalyst works by ____.
A. Increasing the amount of energy you need.
B. Decreasing the activation energy.
C. Acting as an inhibitor.
D. None of the above.

27. Answers
1. C 9. C 17. A 2. A 10. B 18. C 3. B 11. B 19. C 4. A 12. B 20. B 5. C 13. C 21. B 6. A 14. B 22. C 7. B 15. A 23. A 8. B 16. D 24. D 25. B