1. Chapter 11 Test Review

2. Match the Scientists 1. Mendel A. recombination
2. Morgan helps make map
3. Sturtevant B. alleles segregate
C. some genes linked

3. Match the Scientists 1. Mendel B. alleles segregate
2. Morgan C. genes linked
3. Sturtevant A. recombination
helps make map

4. 4. What is fertilization? Process of sexual reproduction
Joining egg + sperm
Joining egg and pollen

5. What is true-breeding and hybrid?
5. True-breeding = E. offspring are identical to parents
6. Hybrid = D. offspring are of parents of different traits

6. 7. Genes are____:
F. the location on a chromosome for a trait

7. PUNNETT PRACTICE p.3 Dihybrid Cross What are the parental genotypes?
Heterozygous running, heterozygous black mouse
Homozygous running, homozygous black mouse

8. PUNNETT PRACTICE p.3 Dihybrid Cross What are the parental genotypes?
Heterozygous running, heterozygous black mouse RrBb
Homozygous running, homozygous black mouse RRBB

9. PUNNETT PRACTICE
Dihybrid Cross
How many boxes to you need for a dihybrid cross?
ANSWER: 16

10. PUNNETT PRACTICE
Show how you would place the parental alleles on each side of the Punnett Squares:

11. RB Rb rB rb RB RB

12. NOW FILL IN THE BOXES AND
WHAT IS THE PHENOTYPIC RATIO?

13. 100% running black
RB Rb rB rb
RRBB
RRBb
RrBB
RrBb RB RB

14. 8. Gametes are: A. body cells B. sex cells C. somatic cells
D. skin cells
ANSWER: sex cells B

15. 9. The likelihood that a particular event will occur is:
A. hybrid
B. offspring
C. probability
D. recombination
ANSWER: C probability

16. 10. The wild type is… A. dominant trait B. recessive trait
C. most common trait
ANSWER: C

17. 11. homologous
D. male + corresponding female set of chromosomes

18. GO TO PUNNETT PRACTICE On your dry erase board. Do #4 on page 2.
Cross two plants that are heterozygous for green pods.

19. #4 Answer gg Gg GG Genotypic ratio: GG:Gg:gg 1: 2: 1 Phenotypic ratio:
1: 2: 1
Phenotypic ratio:
Green:yellow
3:1
G g Gg gg GG G g

20. 12. Haploid and 13. Diploid 13. C. one set of chromosomes N
in humans 23
14. B. two sets of homologous chromosomes 2N
in humans 46

21. 14. What is a tetrad?
A. 4 homologous chromosomes

22. MULTIPLE ALLELE TRAITS IN CHICKENS
Question #1:On the cross pictured, what must be the genotypes of the two parents for the outcome to always be a buttercup offspring?
ANSWER:
rrPP X RRpp

23. Did you set it up right?
RP Rp rP rp RP Rp rP rp

24. 9:3:3:1 RRPP RRPp RrPP RrPp RRpp Rrpp rrPP rrPp rrpp Rp rP rp
RP Rp rP rp
RRPP
RRPp
RrPP
RrPp
RRpp
Rrpp
rrPP
rrPp
rrpp RP Rp rP rp

25. 15. Crossing-over
F. homologous chromosomes exchange segments

26. 16. What is a chiasma? A. when 4 chromosomes come together
B. when a cell divides into 4 cells
C. when a cell splits
D. making poopie
E. is the point of crossing over of the two inner homologous chromosomes
ANSWER: E

27. 17. Contrast Mitosis and Meiosis
starts with 2N parent
Daughter cells are 2N
Daughter cells identical
Makes somatic cells
Ends with 2 cells
1 division

28. 17. Contrast Mitosis and Meiosis
starts with 2N parent
Daughter cells are N
Daughter cells different
Makes sex cells
Ends with 4 cells
2 divisions

29. 18. If you had a tall plant, how can you tell if it is TT or Tt?
Cross it with tt
(a test cross) t
T T t

30. 18. If you had a tall plant, how can you tell if it is TT or Tt?
Cross it with tt Tt tt t
T T Tt t

31. 19. Spongebob SsYy marries and mates Spongebetty ssYy Y=yellow y=blue S=square s=round

32. 19. Spongebob SsYy marries and mates Spongebetty ssYy Y=yellow y=blue S=square s=round

33. 19. SsYy X ssYy
SY Sy sY sy
SsYY
SsYy
ssYY
ssYy
Ssyy
ssyy sY sy

34. 19. SsYy X ssYy
SY Sy sY sy
SsYY
SsYy
ssYY
ssYy
Ssyy
ssyy sY sy

35. 6 square yellow 6 round yellow 2 square blue 2 round blue
SY Sy sY sy
SsYY
SsYy
ssYY
ssYy
Ssyy
ssyy sY sy

36. 20. Flower Parts

37. EXTRA: Male Flower Parts?
Stamen pistil stigma anther
ANSWER: stamen anther

38. 21. Hetero or Homo zygous
_____HH _____hh _____Hh
ANSWER:
Homozygous Heterozygous
HH hh Hh

39. EXTRA: Recessive?
T t H h
ANSWER: t h

40. EXTRA: Dominant?
T t H h
ANSWER: T H

41. CHECK YOUR SKILLS: Go to Punnett Practice #7
Genotypic Ratio?
Phenotypic Ratio?

42. Nn x nn Nn Nn nn n nn n N n Genotypic: Nn:nn 2 : 2 Phenotypic
2 : 2
Phenotypic
Smooth;const.
2 : 2 Nn nn n nn Nn n

43. CHECK YOUR SKILLS: BbFf x bbff
How many boxes do you need? 16
How do you separate each parent? BF Bf bF bf
bf bf bf bf

44. BF Bf bF bf bf
BbFf
Bbff
bbFf
bbff

45. Genotypic Ratio
BbFf : Bbff : bbFf : bbff
Phenotypic Ratio
Black fat : black thin : white fat : white thin

46. CHECK YOUR SKILLS: RR x RW incomplete dominance

47. CHECK YOUR ANSWER: RR x RW incomplete dominance
Genotypic
RR : RW
Phenotypic
Red : Pink R W RR RR RW RW

48. #22
Black rooster and white chicken form black and white spotted chicks
ANSWER: codominance

49. #23
The color of the skin is determined by six different locations on genes
ANSWER: polygenic trait

50. #24
A red flower is crossed with a white flower to make pink offspring.
ANSWER: incomplete dominance

51. #25
TT x WW = TW offspring
ANSWER: codominance

52. #26 Eye color alternatives include blue, brown, green, black
ANSWER: multiple alleles

53. #27 A black rabbit crossed with a white rabbit produced a gray rabbit
ANSWER: incomplete dominance

54. #29
ANSWER: The higher the crossover frequency, the farther apart are the genes.

55. #28
The greater the number of recombination frequencies (crossovers), then the _____ the genes are to each other.
ANSWER: farther apart

56. #29
Red, hair freckles, and fair skin seem to be inherited together. They must be on _____ genes.
ANSWER: linked

57. #30 The location on a chromosome is referred to as the:
ANSWER: locus gene

58. Back of chicken worksheet:
Do questions #1 and #2

59. Incomplete dominance = the offspring show trait in-between the two dominant traits (like black and white have gray offspring)
Codominance = both dominant traits will appear like black and white will have spotted black-white offspring

60. Genotype for black chickens BB
Genotype for white chickens WW
Genotype for erminette BW

61. #31 What is the difference between a trait and an allele?
TRAIT: general description EX; eye color, height
ALLELE: alternative choices EX: blue and green, and tall-short

62. A-B = 29% B-C=11% B-D=4% A-D = 21 % ADD: A-C =18% C-D = 3%
What is the order of these genes?
ANSWER: A C D B

63. 32. Names of the phases in meiosis:

64. 32. Names of the phases in meiosis:
Anaphase II
Prophase I
Anaphase I
Metaphase I
Metaphase II
Telophase I
Prophase II
Telophase II

65. #33 Structures of Prophase I

66. Go to Back and do “Polygenic Inheritance” Worksheet
Human Skin Shades
Mulatto denotes a person with one white parent and one black parent, or more broadly, a person of mixed black and white ancestry. May also include Native American and other backgrounds.

67. KNOW YOUR MATCHING Numbers of descriptions of offspring
phenotypic ratio
Numbers of letters of offspring , TT, Tt, tt
genotypic ratio
Trait that is expressed even if other trait is present
dominant

68. 32. MATCHING (cont.)
Trait that is only expressed if the dominant trait is not present
recessive
Alternative choices of a trait
alleles

69. 32. MATCHING (cont) General description of a gene trait
Plant’s pollen fertilizes the same plant
self-pollination
Plant’s pollen fertilizes a different plant
cross-pollination

70. Can You Identify?
locus

71. Compare egg and sperm:
Egg forms one large egg and three smaller polar bodies
Sperm form all the same size and shape

73. What is the purpose of the Punnett Square?
A. show the exact offspring
B. show only dominant offspring
C. predict the probability from a cross
D. predict who will win the sperm lotto
ANSWER: C

74. Independent Assortment and Crossing Over
Independent Assortment randomly segregates the alleles.
Crossing-over breaks and reattaches chromosomes to make new gene arrangements.
BOTH INCREASE DIVERSITY

75. ESSAYS? Punnett Squares Monohybrid Cross
Codominant or Incomplete Dominant
Dihybrid Cross
Be able to write a genotypic and phenotypic ratio.