1. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation prepared by Christine L. Case Microbiology B.E Pruitt & Jane J. Stein AN INTRODUCTION EIGHTH EDITION TORTORA FUNKE CASE Chapter 9, part A Biotechnology and Recombinant DNA

2. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Biotechnology and Recombinant DNA Biotechnology: The use of microorganisms, cells, or cell components to make a product Foods, antibiotics, vitamins, enzymes Recombinant DNA Technology: Insertion or modification of genes to produce desired proteins

3. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 9.1.1

4. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 9.1.2

5. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Table 9.1.1

6. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Table 9.1.2

7. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Selection: Culture a naturally-occurring microbe that produces desired product Mutation: Mutagens cause mutations that might result in a microbe with a desirable trait Site-directed mutagenesis: Change a specific DNA code to change a protein Select and culture microbe with the desired mutation Selection & Mutation

8. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Cut specific sequences of DNA Destroy bacteriophage DNA in bacterial cells Cannot digest (host) DNA with methylated cytosines Restriction Enzymes

9. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 9.2

10. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Carry new DNA to desired cell Shuttle vectors can exist in several different species Plasmids and viruses can be used as vectors Vectors

11. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Vectors Figure 9.3

12. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings To make multiple copies of a piece of DNA enzymatically Used to Clone DNA for recombination Amplify DNA to detectable levels Sequence DNA Diagnose genetic disease Detect pathogens Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

13. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings PCR Figure 9.4.1

14. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings PCR Figure 9.4.2

15. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Transformation Electroporation Protoplast fusion DNA can be inserted into a cell by: Figure 9.5b

16. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Microinjection Gene gun DNA can be inserted into a cell by: Figure 9.6 & 7

17. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Gene libraries are made of pieces of an entire genome stored in plasmids or phages cDNA is made from mRNA by reverse transcriptase Synthetic DNA is made by a DNA synthesis machine Obtaining DNA